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- Low-Power 386 CPU: Incorporates a 40 MHz 80386-compatible processor optimized for low power consumption, ideal for embedded and industrial control applications.
- PC/104 Form Factor: Fully compliant with the PC/104 standard (95 mm × 90 mm), enabling stackable modular expansion without backplanes.
- Integrated Memory: 2 MB onboard DRAM provides sufficient memory for DOS-based or lightweight embedded operating systems.
- AMI BIOS: Industry-standard BIOS firmware ensures compatibility with a wide range of x86 software and simplifies system configuration.
- Dallas Real-Time Clock (RTC): Maintains accurate timekeeping with battery backup, ensuring system time retention during power loss.
- Hardware Watchdog Timer: Provides system reliability by automatically resetting the CPU in case of software hang or system failure (AX10405 watchdog module recommended for enhanced functionality).
- Compact and Rugged Design: Small footprint and solid-state components make it suitable for harsh or space-limited environments.
- Legacy Compatibility: Supports traditional x86 instruction sets and interfaces, allowing integration with existing industrial control systems and legacy software.
- Stackable Expansion: PC/104 bus allows direct stacking of I/O, communication, and storage modules without the need for a motherboard or backplane.
- Low Power Operation: Designed for embedded systems where energy efficiency and thermal management are critical.
- PC/104 Form Factor: Fully compliant with the PC/104 standard (95 mm × 90 mm), enabling stackable modular expansion without backplanes.
- Integrated Memory: 2 MB onboard DRAM provides sufficient memory for DOS-based or lightweight embedded operating systems.
- AMI BIOS: Industry-standard BIOS firmware ensures compatibility with a wide range of x86 software and simplifies system configuration.
- Dallas Real-Time Clock (RTC): Maintains accurate timekeeping with battery backup, ensuring system time retention during power loss.
- Hardware Watchdog Timer: Provides system reliability by automatically resetting the CPU in case of software hang or system failure (AX10405 watchdog module recommended for enhanced functionality).
- Compact and Rugged Design: Small footprint and solid-state components make it suitable for harsh or space-limited environments.
- Legacy Compatibility: Supports traditional x86 instruction sets and interfaces, allowing integration with existing industrial control systems and legacy software.
- Stackable Expansion: PC/104 bus allows direct stacking of I/O, communication, and storage modules without the need for a motherboard or backplane.
- Low Power Operation: Designed for embedded systems where energy efficiency and thermal management are critical.
1. Product Overview
Product Name: CPU PC/104 Card Module
Model: AX10401/A1
Series: AX10400 Series Embedded CPU Modules
Article Number: AX10401/A1
Manufacturer: [Manufacturer not specified in source; typically produced by an industrial embedded systems manufacturer specializing in PC/104 architecture boards]
The AX10401/A1 is a compact, low-power embedded CPU module designed around the PC/104 form factor. It integrates a 386-class 40 MHz processor, 2 MB of onboard DRAM, and essential system management components such as an AMI BIOS, Dallas real-time clock, and hardware watchdog timer. The module is engineered for industrial, embedded, and OEM applications requiring reliable x86-compatible computing in space-constrained environments. With its standardized PC/104 interface, the AX10401/A1 provides stackable expansion and compatibility with a wide range of peripheral and I/O modules, making it suitable for legacy system upgrades, control systems, and embedded automation platforms.
2. Key Features
- Low-Power 386 CPU: Incorporates a 40 MHz 80386-compatible processor optimized for low power consumption, ideal for embedded and industrial control applications.
- PC/104 Form Factor: Fully compliant with the PC/104 standard (95 mm × 90 mm), enabling stackable modular expansion without backplanes.
- Integrated Memory: 2 MB onboard DRAM provides sufficient memory for DOS-based or lightweight embedded operating systems.
- AMI BIOS: Industry-standard BIOS firmware ensures compatibility with a wide range of x86 software and simplifies system configuration.
- Dallas Real-Time Clock (RTC): Maintains accurate timekeeping with battery backup, ensuring system time retention during power loss.
- Hardware Watchdog Timer: Provides system reliability by automatically resetting the CPU in case of software hang or system failure (AX10405 watchdog module recommended for enhanced functionality).
- Compact and Rugged Design: Small footprint and solid-state components make it suitable for harsh or space-limited environments.
- Legacy Compatibility: Supports traditional x86 instruction sets and interfaces, allowing integration with existing industrial control systems and legacy software.
- Stackable Expansion: PC/104 bus allows direct stacking of I/O, communication, and storage modules without the need for a motherboard or backplane.
- Low Power Operation: Designed for embedded systems where energy efficiency and thermal management are critical.
3. Technical Specifications
- Processor: 386-compatible CPU, 40 MHz clock speed
- Memory: 2 MB onboard DRAM
- BIOS: AMI BIOS (Advanced Micro Devices-compatible firmware)
- Real-Time Clock: Dallas RTC with battery backup
- Watchdog Timer: Integrated hardware watchdog (AX10405 recommended for extended functionality)
- Form Factor: PC/104 standard
- Dimensions: 95 mm × 90 mm (3.74 in × 3.54 in)
- Weight: Approximately 100–150 g (typical for PC/104 CPU modules; exact weight not specified)
- Power Requirements: Low-power design; typical operating voltage 5 V DC (standard for PC/104 modules)
- Operating Temperature Range: Typically 0 °C to +60 °C (industrial versions may support extended ranges; not specified)
- Storage Temperature: −40 °C to +85 °C (typical for embedded modules)
- Bus Interface: PC/104 (ISA-compatible 8/16-bit bus)
- Connectors: Standard PC/104 64-pin and 40-pin stack-through connectors for data and address bus signals
- Mounting: Four corner mounting holes for mechanical stability in stacked configurations
- PCB Material: Multi-layer FR-4 industrial-grade printed circuit board
- Compliance: Conforms to PC/104 mechanical and electrical specifications
4. Functionality
The AX10401/A1 functions as the central processing unit in a modular embedded computing system. It operates as a standalone CPU board or as part of a stacked PC/104 system, where additional modules—such as digital I/O, serial communication, Ethernet, or storage—can be added vertically via the PC/104 bus connectors.
Operation:
- The onboard 386/40 MHz CPU executes x86-compatible instructions, supporting DOS, embedded real-time operating systems, or custom firmware.
- The AMI BIOS initializes system hardware, manages boot sequences, and provides configuration utilities accessible via standard BIOS setup interfaces.
- The Dallas RTC maintains system time and date, even when the system is powered down, using an integrated battery backup.
- The watchdog timer monitors system activity and triggers a reset if the CPU becomes unresponsive, ensuring continuous operation in unattended or mission-critical environments.
Use Cases and Applications:
- Industrial automation controllers
- Data acquisition systems
- Legacy equipment upgrades
- Transportation and vehicle control systems
- Embedded instrumentation
- Process monitoring and control
- OEM embedded computing platforms
- Educational and research systems requiring x86 compatibility
Compatibility:
- Compatible with PC/104 peripheral modules (I/O, communication, storage, and display boards)
- Supports standard PC/104 bus signaling for seamless integration
- Software compatibility with DOS, early Windows versions, and embedded x86 operating systems
5. Components & Accessories
Included Components:
- AX10401/A1 CPU module with integrated 386/40 MHz processor and 2 MB DRAM
- AMI BIOS firmware preloaded
- Dallas RTC with battery backup
- Onboard watchdog timer circuitry
Recommended Accessories:
- AX10405 Watchdog Module: Recommended for enhanced system monitoring and extended watchdog functionality.
- PC/104-compatible I/O modules (digital/analog I/O, serial ports, Ethernet, etc.)
- PC/104 power supply modules (5 V regulated output)
- Mounting hardware for stack assembly
- Optional cable kits for external connections
Connectors:
- Standard PC/104 64-pin and 40-pin stack-through connectors for bus interconnection
- Power input pins (typically +5 V DC)
- Optional headers for serial or parallel interfaces (depending on configuration)
6. Installation & Setup
Requirements:
- 5 V DC regulated power supply
- Compatible PC/104 stack or mounting platform
- Peripheral modules as required by the application
Mounting Options:
- Stackable configuration using PC/104 connectors and spacers
- Direct mounting to chassis or carrier board using four corner mounting holes
- Horizontal or vertical orientation depending on system design
Configuration:
- BIOS setup accessible via standard keyboard and display interface during boot
- Jumper or DIP switch settings (if applicable) for clock, memory, or peripheral configuration
- Integration with PC/104 stack through mechanical alignment and connector engagement
- Optional connection to external I/O or communication modules via PC/104 bus
Setup Procedure:
1. Ensure power is disconnected before installation.
2. Align the AX10401/A1 module with the PC/104 stack connectors.
3. Secure the module using spacers and screws to maintain mechanical stability.
4. Connect the power supply and any required peripheral modules.
5. Power on the system and enter BIOS setup to configure system parameters.
6. Install operating system or application software as required.
7. Performance & Capabilities
- CPU Performance: 40 MHz 386-class processor provides sufficient computational capability for control, monitoring, and data processing tasks in embedded systems.
- Memory Capacity: 2 MB DRAM supports lightweight operating systems and real-time applications.
- System Reliability: Hardware watchdog ensures automatic recovery from software faults.
- Power Efficiency: Low-power design minimizes heat generation and energy consumption, suitable for fanless operation.
- Expandability: PC/104 bus allows stacking of multiple modules for additional functionality without complex cabling.
- Limitations:
- Limited memory capacity restricts use to lightweight or legacy software environments.
- No integrated floating-point unit (typical for 386-class CPUs).
- Limited processing power compared to modern embedded CPUs; best suited for deterministic control and monitoring tasks.
Efficiency Metrics:
- Typical power consumption: < 5 W (estimated for 386/40 MHz class modules)
- Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF): High, due to solid-state design and absence of moving parts
8. Standards & Compliance
- Form Factor Compliance: Fully compliant with PC/104 mechanical and electrical specifications (IEEE P996.1 standard).
- Bus Compatibility: ISA-compatible 8/16-bit bus signaling per PC/104 specification.
- BIOS Standard: AMI BIOS conforms to industry-standard x86 BIOS interfaces.
- Environmental Compliance: Designed for industrial environments; RoHS compliance dependent on manufacturing date and vendor.
- Quality Standards: Manufactured under ISO 9001 quality management systems (typical for industrial embedded hardware).
- Regulatory Compliance:
- CE marking (if applicable) for electromagnetic compatibility
- FCC Class A/B compliance for industrial computing devices (depending on configuration)
9. Additional Information
Warranty:
- Standard manufacturer’s warranty (typically 1–2 years for industrial embedded modules; exact duration not specified).
Support:
- Technical documentation, BIOS updates, and integration guides typically available from manufacturer or distributor.
- Engineering support for system integration, BIOS customization, and peripheral compatibility.
Maintenance:
- Minimal maintenance required due to solid-state design.
- Periodic battery replacement for Dallas RTC recommended every 5–10 years depending on usage.
- Regular inspection of connectors and stack alignment to ensure reliable electrical contact.
Firmware & Updates:
- BIOS updates available for compatibility or feature enhancements.
- Configuration utilities accessible via BIOS setup interface.
Lifecycle & Availability:
- Designed for long-term availability in industrial markets.
- Suitable for legacy system maintenance and long-life embedded applications.
Summary
The AX10401/A1 CPU PC/104 Card Module is a compact, low-power embedded computing solution built around a 386/40 MHz processor with 2 MB DRAM. It integrates essential system components—AMI BIOS, Dallas RTC, and watchdog timer—within a rugged 95 × 90 mm PC/104 form factor. Engineered for industrial and embedded applications, it offers reliable x86 performance, stackable expansion, and long-term operational stability. The module’s adherence to PC/104 standards ensures compatibility with a wide range of peripheral boards, making it an ideal choice for OEMs, system integrators, and engineers developing or maintaining legacy embedded systems.
Product Name: CPU PC/104 Card Module
Model: AX10401/A1
Series: AX10400 Series Embedded CPU Modules
Article Number: AX10401/A1
Manufacturer: [Manufacturer not specified in source; typically produced by an industrial embedded systems manufacturer specializing in PC/104 architecture boards]
The AX10401/A1 is a compact, low-power embedded CPU module designed around the PC/104 form factor. It integrates a 386-class 40 MHz processor, 2 MB of onboard DRAM, and essential system management components such as an AMI BIOS, Dallas real-time clock, and hardware watchdog timer. The module is engineered for industrial, embedded, and OEM applications requiring reliable x86-compatible computing in space-constrained environments. With its standardized PC/104 interface, the AX10401/A1 provides stackable expansion and compatibility with a wide range of peripheral and I/O modules, making it suitable for legacy system upgrades, control systems, and embedded automation platforms.
2. Key Features
- Low-Power 386 CPU: Incorporates a 40 MHz 80386-compatible processor optimized for low power consumption, ideal for embedded and industrial control applications.
- PC/104 Form Factor: Fully compliant with the PC/104 standard (95 mm × 90 mm), enabling stackable modular expansion without backplanes.
- Integrated Memory: 2 MB onboard DRAM provides sufficient memory for DOS-based or lightweight embedded operating systems.
- AMI BIOS: Industry-standard BIOS firmware ensures compatibility with a wide range of x86 software and simplifies system configuration.
- Dallas Real-Time Clock (RTC): Maintains accurate timekeeping with battery backup, ensuring system time retention during power loss.
- Hardware Watchdog Timer: Provides system reliability by automatically resetting the CPU in case of software hang or system failure (AX10405 watchdog module recommended for enhanced functionality).
- Compact and Rugged Design: Small footprint and solid-state components make it suitable for harsh or space-limited environments.
- Legacy Compatibility: Supports traditional x86 instruction sets and interfaces, allowing integration with existing industrial control systems and legacy software.
- Stackable Expansion: PC/104 bus allows direct stacking of I/O, communication, and storage modules without the need for a motherboard or backplane.
- Low Power Operation: Designed for embedded systems where energy efficiency and thermal management are critical.
3. Technical Specifications
- Processor: 386-compatible CPU, 40 MHz clock speed
- Memory: 2 MB onboard DRAM
- BIOS: AMI BIOS (Advanced Micro Devices-compatible firmware)
- Real-Time Clock: Dallas RTC with battery backup
- Watchdog Timer: Integrated hardware watchdog (AX10405 recommended for extended functionality)
- Form Factor: PC/104 standard
- Dimensions: 95 mm × 90 mm (3.74 in × 3.54 in)
- Weight: Approximately 100–150 g (typical for PC/104 CPU modules; exact weight not specified)
- Power Requirements: Low-power design; typical operating voltage 5 V DC (standard for PC/104 modules)
- Operating Temperature Range: Typically 0 °C to +60 °C (industrial versions may support extended ranges; not specified)
- Storage Temperature: −40 °C to +85 °C (typical for embedded modules)
- Bus Interface: PC/104 (ISA-compatible 8/16-bit bus)
- Connectors: Standard PC/104 64-pin and 40-pin stack-through connectors for data and address bus signals
- Mounting: Four corner mounting holes for mechanical stability in stacked configurations
- PCB Material: Multi-layer FR-4 industrial-grade printed circuit board
- Compliance: Conforms to PC/104 mechanical and electrical specifications
4. Functionality
The AX10401/A1 functions as the central processing unit in a modular embedded computing system. It operates as a standalone CPU board or as part of a stacked PC/104 system, where additional modules—such as digital I/O, serial communication, Ethernet, or storage—can be added vertically via the PC/104 bus connectors.
Operation:
- The onboard 386/40 MHz CPU executes x86-compatible instructions, supporting DOS, embedded real-time operating systems, or custom firmware.
- The AMI BIOS initializes system hardware, manages boot sequences, and provides configuration utilities accessible via standard BIOS setup interfaces.
- The Dallas RTC maintains system time and date, even when the system is powered down, using an integrated battery backup.
- The watchdog timer monitors system activity and triggers a reset if the CPU becomes unresponsive, ensuring continuous operation in unattended or mission-critical environments.
Use Cases and Applications:
- Industrial automation controllers
- Data acquisition systems
- Legacy equipment upgrades
- Transportation and vehicle control systems
- Embedded instrumentation
- Process monitoring and control
- OEM embedded computing platforms
- Educational and research systems requiring x86 compatibility
Compatibility:
- Compatible with PC/104 peripheral modules (I/O, communication, storage, and display boards)
- Supports standard PC/104 bus signaling for seamless integration
- Software compatibility with DOS, early Windows versions, and embedded x86 operating systems
5. Components & Accessories
Included Components:
- AX10401/A1 CPU module with integrated 386/40 MHz processor and 2 MB DRAM
- AMI BIOS firmware preloaded
- Dallas RTC with battery backup
- Onboard watchdog timer circuitry
Recommended Accessories:
- AX10405 Watchdog Module: Recommended for enhanced system monitoring and extended watchdog functionality.
- PC/104-compatible I/O modules (digital/analog I/O, serial ports, Ethernet, etc.)
- PC/104 power supply modules (5 V regulated output)
- Mounting hardware for stack assembly
- Optional cable kits for external connections
Connectors:
- Standard PC/104 64-pin and 40-pin stack-through connectors for bus interconnection
- Power input pins (typically +5 V DC)
- Optional headers for serial or parallel interfaces (depending on configuration)
6. Installation & Setup
Requirements:
- 5 V DC regulated power supply
- Compatible PC/104 stack or mounting platform
- Peripheral modules as required by the application
Mounting Options:
- Stackable configuration using PC/104 connectors and spacers
- Direct mounting to chassis or carrier board using four corner mounting holes
- Horizontal or vertical orientation depending on system design
Configuration:
- BIOS setup accessible via standard keyboard and display interface during boot
- Jumper or DIP switch settings (if applicable) for clock, memory, or peripheral configuration
- Integration with PC/104 stack through mechanical alignment and connector engagement
- Optional connection to external I/O or communication modules via PC/104 bus
Setup Procedure:
1. Ensure power is disconnected before installation.
2. Align the AX10401/A1 module with the PC/104 stack connectors.
3. Secure the module using spacers and screws to maintain mechanical stability.
4. Connect the power supply and any required peripheral modules.
5. Power on the system and enter BIOS setup to configure system parameters.
6. Install operating system or application software as required.
7. Performance & Capabilities
- CPU Performance: 40 MHz 386-class processor provides sufficient computational capability for control, monitoring, and data processing tasks in embedded systems.
- Memory Capacity: 2 MB DRAM supports lightweight operating systems and real-time applications.
- System Reliability: Hardware watchdog ensures automatic recovery from software faults.
- Power Efficiency: Low-power design minimizes heat generation and energy consumption, suitable for fanless operation.
- Expandability: PC/104 bus allows stacking of multiple modules for additional functionality without complex cabling.
- Limitations:
- Limited memory capacity restricts use to lightweight or legacy software environments.
- No integrated floating-point unit (typical for 386-class CPUs).
- Limited processing power compared to modern embedded CPUs; best suited for deterministic control and monitoring tasks.
Efficiency Metrics:
- Typical power consumption: < 5 W (estimated for 386/40 MHz class modules)
- Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF): High, due to solid-state design and absence of moving parts
8. Standards & Compliance
- Form Factor Compliance: Fully compliant with PC/104 mechanical and electrical specifications (IEEE P996.1 standard).
- Bus Compatibility: ISA-compatible 8/16-bit bus signaling per PC/104 specification.
- BIOS Standard: AMI BIOS conforms to industry-standard x86 BIOS interfaces.
- Environmental Compliance: Designed for industrial environments; RoHS compliance dependent on manufacturing date and vendor.
- Quality Standards: Manufactured under ISO 9001 quality management systems (typical for industrial embedded hardware).
- Regulatory Compliance:
- CE marking (if applicable) for electromagnetic compatibility
- FCC Class A/B compliance for industrial computing devices (depending on configuration)
9. Additional Information
Warranty:
- Standard manufacturer’s warranty (typically 1–2 years for industrial embedded modules; exact duration not specified).
Support:
- Technical documentation, BIOS updates, and integration guides typically available from manufacturer or distributor.
- Engineering support for system integration, BIOS customization, and peripheral compatibility.
Maintenance:
- Minimal maintenance required due to solid-state design.
- Periodic battery replacement for Dallas RTC recommended every 5–10 years depending on usage.
- Regular inspection of connectors and stack alignment to ensure reliable electrical contact.
Firmware & Updates:
- BIOS updates available for compatibility or feature enhancements.
- Configuration utilities accessible via BIOS setup interface.
Lifecycle & Availability:
- Designed for long-term availability in industrial markets.
- Suitable for legacy system maintenance and long-life embedded applications.
Summary
The AX10401/A1 CPU PC/104 Card Module is a compact, low-power embedded computing solution built around a 386/40 MHz processor with 2 MB DRAM. It integrates essential system components—AMI BIOS, Dallas RTC, and watchdog timer—within a rugged 95 × 90 mm PC/104 form factor. Engineered for industrial and embedded applications, it offers reliable x86 performance, stackable expansion, and long-term operational stability. The module’s adherence to PC/104 standards ensures compatibility with a wide range of peripheral boards, making it an ideal choice for OEMs, system integrators, and engineers developing or maintaining legacy embedded systems.
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