Comprehensive Product Summary – DOM‑0256M‑44H‑432 (256 MB Disk On Module, 44‑Pin Horizontal)

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### 1. Product Overview

Product Name: Disk On Module (DOM)
Model Number: DOM‑0256M‑44H‑432
Series: DOM‑2000 / DH Series (Industrial IDE Flash Disk Family)
Article Number: DOM‑0256M‑44H‑432
Manufacturer: Power Quotation International Co., Ltd. (PQI) – IC Storage Specialist
Product Type: Solid‑state flash storage module, IDE 44‑pin horizontal form factor
Capacity: 256 MB

The DOM‑0256M‑44H‑432 is an industrial‑grade solid‑state storage device designed as a direct replacement for conventional 2.5‑inch IDE hard drives. It integrates NAND‑type flash memory and a PQI‑designed flash controller on a compact printed circuit board (PCB) with a 44‑pin IDE interface. The module operates as a true IDE hard disk, fully compatible with standard ATA command sets, and is optimized for embedded, industrial, and portable systems requiring high reliability, low power consumption, and resistance to vibration and temperature variation.

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### 2. Key Features

- True IDE Compatibility: 100 % compliant with ATA/IDE standards; recognized by BIOS as a standard hard disk without special drivers.
- Compact Module Concept: L‑shaped horizontal 44‑pin design for space‑constrained embedded systems.
- Plug‑and‑Play Operation: Installs directly into a 44‑pin IDE socket; no external power cable required.
- Industrial‑Grade Reliability: Operating temperature range 0 °C – 70 °C; non‑operating −20 °C – +85 °C.
- NAND Flash Architecture: Non‑volatile, electronically erasable and re‑writable memory with integrated ECC, wear‑leveling, and defect‑block management.
- Low Power Consumption: Typical read 21 mA, write 28 mA, sleep 0.3 mA.
- High Shock and Vibration Resistance: No moving parts; ideal for harsh environments.
- Flexible Master/Slave Configuration: Selectable via jumper (JP1) on 44‑pin models.
- Long Service Life: MTBF rated at 300 000 rewrite cycles at 25 °C.
- Broad OS Compatibility: Works with Windows 95/98/NT/2000/CE, Embedded NT, QNX, Linux, and other IDE‑aware operating systems.
- Maintenance‑Free: No mechanical wear, no cooling fan required, silent operation.

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### 3. Technical Specifications

| Parameter | Specification |
|----------------|------------------|
| Flash Memory Type | NAND‑type flash |
| Capacity | 256 MB (available range 4 MB – 384 MB for 44‑pin DOMs) |
| Interface / Connector | 44‑pin (2.00 mm pitch) IDE/ATA connector |
| Form Factor | L‑Formed, horizontal plug‑in module |
| Default Configuration | Master (Slave selectable via jumper JP1) |
| Dimensions (approx.) | 33 mm × 51 mm (PCB width × length) |
| Weight | < 20 g (typical) |
| Power Supply | DC +3.3 V ± 10 % / DC +5.0 V ± 10 % |
| Power Consumption | Read 21 mA (typ.), Write 28 mA (typ.), Sleep 0.3 mA (typ.) |
| Operating Temperature | 0 °C – +70 °C |
| Storage Temperature | −20 °C – +85 °C |
| Relative Humidity | 5 % – 95 % (non‑condensing) |
| Shock Resistance | 150 G (2.2 ms half‑sine) |
| Vibration Resistance | 15 G p‑p max (operating/non‑operating) |
| MTBF | 300 000 rewrite cycles @ 25 °C |
| Data Retention | ≥ 10 years |
| Sector Size | 512 bytes |
| Error Correction | Hardware ECC, 1‑word (2 bytes) correction, 2‑word detection |
| Defect Management | Automatic bad‑block replacement using reserved blocks |
| Wear Leveling | Dynamic wear‑leveling algorithm for uniform flash usage |

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### 4. Functionality

The DOM‑0256M‑44H‑432 functions as a solid‑state IDE hard disk. It connects directly to a 44‑pin IDE interface, which includes both data and power lines, eliminating the need for an external power connector. The internal flash controller manages all low‑level flash operations—address translation, wear‑leveling, ECC, and defect‑block substitution—so the host system interacts with the module as with a standard ATA drive.

Typical Use Cases:
- Embedded control systems and industrial PCs
- Data acquisition and automation equipment
- Telecommunications and networking devices (routers, gateways, kiosks)
- Transportation and vehicle systems
- Military, avionics, and ruggedized computing platforms
- POS terminals, ticketing, and vending machines
- Portable and handheld computers

Compatibility:
Fully compatible with IDE/ATA‑33 (PIO Mode 2) signaling. Recognized by any BIOS supporting standard IDE drives. No proprietary drivers required.

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### 5. Components & Accessories

Included Components:
- DOM‑0256M‑44H‑432 module (44‑pin horizontal L‑form)
- Integrated 44‑pin male connector (2.00 mm pitch)
- On‑board jumper (JP1) for Master/Slave selection

Optional Accessories:
- 44‑pin to 40‑pin IDE adapter cable (for systems using 40‑pin connectors)
- Mounting bracket or adhesive pad for mechanical stabilization (optional)
- Protective housing (FDxxx‑439LXX variant includes enclosure)

Connectors:
- 44‑pin IDE interface carrying both data and +5 V power
- No external 4‑pin power connector required

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### 6. Installation & Setup

Requirements:
- Host system with available 44‑pin IDE interface
- BIOS supporting IDE auto‑detection or user‑defined CHS parameters

Mounting Options:
- Horizontal plug‑in orientation (L‑form) directly into motherboard IDE header
- Optional mechanical support bracket for vibration‑prone environments

Configuration Steps:
1. Power Off System: Ensure the host is powered down and grounded.
2. Insert Module: Align pin 1 (marked by a triangle) on the DOM with pin 1 on the host IDE connector.
3. Set Master/Slave:
- JP1 On = Master (default)
- JP1 Off = Slave
4. Secure Module: If necessary, fasten with bracket or adhesive.
5. Power On and BIOS Setup:
- Enter BIOS setup (DELETE/ESC/F1).
- Enable automatic drive detection or manually enter CHS values (for 256 MB: 979 cylinders × 32 sectors × 16 heads).
6. Partition and Format:
- Boot from DOS or OS installation media.
- Use FDISK to create partitions and FORMAT C:/S to initialize.

Caution: Always handle the module with ESD protection (grounded wrist strap). Remove using both hands to avoid connector stress.

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### 7. Performance & Capabilities

| Metric | Typical Value | Notes |
|-------------|------------------|-----------|
| Media Transfer Rate (Write) | 1.2 MB/s | Sequential write throughput |
| Media Transfer Rate (Read) | 2.5 MB/s | Sequential read throughput |
| Host Burst Transfer Rate | 8.3 MB/s | PIO Mode 2 |
| Average Data Transfer Rate | 6 MB/s (typ.) | Combined read/write average |
| Average Seek Time | < 0.1 ms | Solid‑state access |
| Random Read Time | 0.3 ms (typ.) | |
| Random Write Time | 9.67 ms (typ.) | |
| Sequential Read Time | 0.3 ms (typ.) | |
| Sequential Write Time | 9.71 ms (typ.) | |

Performance Characteristics:
The DOM‑0256M‑44H‑432 delivers consistent throughput suitable for embedded operating systems and boot storage. Its instantaneous seek time (< 0.1 ms) and low latency make it ideal for deterministic real‑time applications. The PIO Mode 2 interface ensures compatibility with legacy IDE controllers while maintaining adequate bandwidth for 256 MB capacity devices.

Limitations:
As a PIO‑mode flash device, sustained throughput is lower than modern DMA‑based SSDs. It is optimized for reliability and low power rather than high‑speed bulk data transfer.

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### 8. Standards & Compliance

- Interface Standard: ATA/IDE (ANSI X3.221‑1994, ATA‑2 PIO Mode 2)
- Electrical Interface: 44‑pin 2.00 mm IDE connector with integrated power pins
- Signal Compatibility: Fully compliant with ATA signal definitions (RESET‑, DIOR‑, DIOW‑, CS0‑, CS1‑, DMARQ, DMACK‑, INTRQ, IORDY, etc.)
- Environmental Compliance:
- Operating temperature 0 °C – 70 °C (industrial grade)
- Non‑operating −20 °C – 85 °C
- Humidity 5 % – 95 % RH (non‑condensing)
- Shock/Vibration: Meets industrial shock 150 G / 2.2 ms and vibration 15 G p‑p standards.
- Quality & Reliability:
- ECC 22‑bit per 256 bytes (DH Series)
- MTBF ≥ 300 000 hours (PQI spec)
- Regulatory: Conforms to PQI internal quality standards; RoHS compliance assumed for later revisions.
- Trademark: DiskOnModule™ is a registered trademark of Power Quotation International Co., Ltd.

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### 9. Additional Information

Warranty:
Standard PQI industrial warranty (typically 1 year limited, extendable for OEM contracts). Covers manufacturing defects and flash controller failures under normal operating conditions.

Technical Support:
PQI provides technical documentation, BIOS configuration guidance, and OEM customization services for form factor or capacity adjustments. Support is available through authorized distributors and PQI technical representatives.

Maintenance:
No periodic maintenance required. The device is self‑managing with internal wear‑leveling and defect‑block replacement. Data integrity is preserved even after power loss; only the last 512 bytes of an interrupted write may be lost.

Firmware & Updates:
Firmware embedded in the flash controller manages ECC, wear‑leveling, and logical‑to‑physical mapping. Updates are not user‑serviceable; firmware revisions are applied at the factory.

Service Life & Data Retention:
- Typical rewrite endurance: > 300 000 cycles per block
- Data retention: ≥ 10 years at 25 °C
- Device locks automatically when all reserved blocks are exhausted, preserving read‑only access for data backup.

Customization Options:
PQI offers OEM customization for:
- Capacity (4 MB – 384 MB for 44‑pin DOMs)
- Form factor (vertical / horizontal / L‑form)
- Connector gender (male/female)
- Housing (bare PCB or enclosed)
- Extended temperature range (−40 °C – +80 °C on request)

Model Naming Convention (excerpt):
- FD = Flash Disk (DOM or 2.5″ IDE Flash Disk)
- xxx = Capacity (4 MB – 512 MB)
- 4 = 44‑pin interface
- 32 = PCB width 32 mm
- L = L‑Formed DOM
- M = Male connector
- F = Female connector
- D = Dummy (horizontal mount)
- A = With housing

Thus, DOM‑0256M‑44H‑432 corresponds to a 256 MB, 44‑pin, horizontal, L‑form DOM with male connector, industrial temperature rating.

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### Summary

The PQI DOM‑0256M‑44H‑432 is a 256 MB industrial Disk On Module engineered for embedded and industrial computing environments requiring compact, reliable, and maintenance‑free solid‑state storage. Utilizing NAND flash memory and a robust PQI controller, it provides full IDE compatibility, low power operation, and high resistance to shock and vibration. With integrated ECC, wear‑leveling, and defect‑block management, the module ensures data integrity and long service life. Its 44‑pin horizontal form factor allows direct installation into IDE sockets without external power, making it an ideal solution for legacy systems, industrial controllers, and portable embedded platforms where durability and simplicity are paramount.